Quantum dynamics of electric-dipole coupled defect centers in solids

Feng Tang,Lei-Ming Zhou,Nan Zhao

Figure 1. (a) The energy levels of the coupled electron–phonon systems. $| e,j\rangle $ represents the electron is in the excited state with j phonons and $| g,i\rangle $ represents the electron is in the ground state with i phonons. (b) Transition labels. The indices are designated according to energy level difference (from low to high).