Shape-changed propagations and interactions for the (3+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluids

Dan-Dan Zhang,Lei Wang,Lei Liu,Tai-Xing Liu,Wen-Rong Sun

Figure 15. The one-off collision between the oscillating W-shaped wave and Bell-shaped wave with (α, β, γ, a1, b1, c1, d1, g1, h1, λ1, β1, η1, a2, b2, c2, d2, g2, h2, λ3, β2, η2, z) = (−1, −4, 10, 1, 4, 1, 4, 4, 1, 2, 5, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 4, 1, 2, −5, 0, 0). (a) t = −0.3. (b) t = −0.1. (c) t = 0.032. (d) Cut plots of (a)–(c). The two converted waves show the time-varying feature.