Shape-changed propagations and interactions for the (3+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluids

Dan-Dan Zhang,Lei Wang,Lei Liu,Tai-Xing Liu,Wen-Rong Sun

Figure 1. (a) The SWC given by equation (17) with (α, β, γ, a1, b1, c1, d1, g1, h1, λ1, β1, η1, z , t) = (−0.1, −4, 0.5, 1, 0, 1, 0, 4, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0). (b) The PWC given by equation (18) with (α, β, γ, a1, b1, c1, d1, g1, h1, λ1, β1, η1, z, t) = (−0.1, −4, 0.5, 0, 2, 0, 2, 4, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0).