Shape-changed propagations and interactions for the (3+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluids

Dan-Dan Zhang,Lei Wang,Lei Liu,Tai-Xing Liu,Wen-Rong Sun

Figure 5. Plots of the multi-peak solitary waves with (α, β, γ, a1, b1, c1, d1, g1, h1, λ1, β1, η1, z) = (−0.1, −4, 0.1, 0.25, 2, 0.375, 3, 4, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0). (a) t = −10.67. (b) t = 0.97. (c) t = 12.62. (d) Cut plots at different times. (e) The characteristic lines at different moments. (f) The schematic diagram of analysis of wave components.